Fact-check: About 15 percent of global greenhouse emissions result from livestock farming, according to FAO – almost on par with those produced by the transport sector. How much better is a vegetarian lifestyle for the environment? Here are the facts:
Global meat consumption has increased significantly in recent decades, with per capita consumption almost doubling since the early 1960s, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . Whereas an average of 23.1 kilograms of meat per person were consumed annually in the '60s, the figure had risen to 43.2 kilograms in 2019. Studies show that
. Projections show that global per capita meat consumption will climb to 69.5 kilograms in 2022 — but the figure will be 27.6 kilograms in the developing world.According to FAO data, 14.5% of all human-caused greenhouse gas emissions are attributable to livestock farming, an industry that emits not only carbon dioxide , but also methane and nitrous oxide —
two gases considered to play a similar role to CO2 in driving global warming. Though methane and nitrous oxide do not remain in the atmosphere as long as CO2, their respective climate warming potential is about 25 times and 300 times higher than that of carbon dioxide. To compare the impact of different greenhouse gases, a carbon dioxide equivalent is typically calculated.
These figures pertain to overall livestock farming, meaning that they also encompass areas such as dairy farming, cheese, gelatin and wool production. A large percentage of methane emissions, for example, is linked to dairy cows. It can be concluded that about 15% of global greenhouse emissions result from livestock farming — almost on par with those produced by the transport sector.Examining greenhouse gas emissions tied to livestock farming does not tell us everything about the impact of meat consumption on the climate. As such, comparing greenhouse gas emission from plant-based and animal-based foods is more insightful.
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